Shin Splints
Definition
Shin splints are a common lower extremity complaint, especially
among runners and other athletes. This condition is most commonly characterized by pain
in the front or inside aspect of the lower leg due to overexertion
of the muscles. The pain usually develops gradually without a
history of trauma, and might begin as a dull ache along the front
or inside of the shin (Tibia) after running or even walking. Small
bumps and tender areas |
 |
| may become evident adjacent
to the shin bone. The pain can become more intense if not addressed,
and shin splints should not be left untreated because of an increased
risk of developing stress fractures. |
Shin splints usually involve small tears in the
leg muscles where they are attached to the shin bone. The two types
of shin splints are: anterior shin splints, in the front portion of
the tibia; and posterior shin splints, occurring on the inside of
the leg along the tibia.
Cause
Shin splints can be caused when the anterior leg muscles are stressed
by running, especially on hard surfaces or extensively on the toes,
or by sports that involve jumping. Wearing athletic shoes that are
worn out or don’t have enough shock absorption can also cause
this condition. Over-pronation (due to flat feet) is another factor that
can lead to increased stress on the lower leg muscles during exercise.
People with high arched feet can also experience shin splint discomfort
because this foot type is a poor shock absorber.
Treatment and Prevention
The best way to prevent shin splints is to stretch and strengthen
the leg muscles, wear footwear with good shock absorption, and avoid
running on hard surfaces or excessive running or jumping on the ball-of-the-foot.
Foot orthotics that offer arch support for over-pronation are
also an important consideration when treating shin-splints.
Treatment for shin splints should include taking
a break from the exercise that is causing the problem until pain subsides.
Icing the area immediately after running or other exercise can also
be effective, along with gentle stretching before and after training.
Another option is taking aspirin or ibuprofen to relieve pain and
reduce inflammation.
It is important not to try to train through the
pain of shin splints. Runners should decrease mileage for about a
week and avoid hills or hard surfaces. If a muscle imbalance, poor
running form or flat feet are causing the problem, a long-term solution
might involve a stretching and strengthening program and foot orthotics
that support the foot and correct over-pronation. In more severe cases,
ice massage, electrostimuli, heat treatments and ultra-sound might
be used.
If the problem persists, give us a call at Ortho-Tech for further treatment options (416) 441-9122.
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